Bacterial Causes of Acute Febrile Illnesses and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in Adult Patients Attending Felege-Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

Mequanint Bezie , Moges Tiruneh , Belay Anagaw , Mulat Dagnew
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20372/ejhbs.v8i1.279
Submitted: 2021-09-08 07:26:43
Published: 2017-09-10

Background: Bacterial etiologies of acute febrile illnesses (AFIs) are common causes of   hospital admission and death in Africa, including Ethiopia. The very limited resources and the great diversity of etiologies of AFIs in the tropical regions of Africa are critical challenges to establishing definite diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the bacterial causes of AFI and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents among acute febrile illness patients.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 137 patients suspected acute febrile illness at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, from February1 to May 30, 2013. Data on socio-demography were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected and inoculated into brain heart infusion. Blood culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done according to the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guideline. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16.

Results:  Of the total 137 blood cultures, 24 (17.5%) were positive for six different types of bacteria. The isolates were Coagulase negative Staphylococcus 8(5.8%) followed by K. pneumoniae 7 (5.1%) and S. pyogens 5 (3.6%). Enterococcus  species and Enterobacter species accounted 1(0.7%) each. The isolates showed high rates of resistance to most antibiotics tested. The range of resistance rates for Gram positive bacteria was from 0% to 64.3% and for Gram negative from 0% to 100%.  All Gram negative bacteria were multidrug resistant.

Conclusions:  This study showed a high prevalence of bacterial pathogens in acute febrile illness suspected patients with high rate of resistance to most commonly used antibiotics. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infections based on culture and drug susceptibility are crucial to reduce bacterial causes of acute febrile illness. A rational use of antibiotics should be practiced in order to minimize the spread of drug resistant bacteria.

 

Keywords

Acute febrile illness bacteriaial etiologies Antimicrobial susceptibility

Authors

Mequanint Bezie

Department of Medical Laboratory, Debre Tabor, College of Health Sciences

Moges Tiruneh

Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, the University of Gondar

 

Belay Anagaw

Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, the University of Gondar

 

Mulat Dagnew

Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, the University of Gondar, Email: dagnewmulat@gmail.com

 

How to Cite

Mequanint Bezie, Moges Tiruneh, Belay Anagaw, Mulat Dagnew (2017-09-10). Bacterial Causes of Acute Febrile Illnesses and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in Adult Patients Attending Felege-Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study. Ethiopian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2017), 3-13. https://doi.org/10.20372/ejhbs.v8i1.279

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

Copyright & Licensing © Year The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) , which permits unrestricted use; sharing (copying and redistributing the material in any medium or format); and adaptation (remixing, transforming, and building upon the material for any purpose), provided the original author(s) and the source are properly cited/credited and a link to the license is provided. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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